Index
It is a drug derived from chloropropiophenone, and is used to treat smoking.
Bupropione belongs to the aminoketone class of antidepressants, which are chemically unrelated to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as Prozac, Paxil, or Zoloft.
Chemical formula of bupropion
- C13H18ClNO.
Presentation
Its presentation to the public is in tablets of 100 mg, 150 mg and in prolonged-release tablets of 225 mg of bupropion (amphebutamone).
Indications
Bupropione is used to treat major depression and seasonal affective disorder. It is also prescribed to stop smoking.
Unapproved uses for bupropion include post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, social phobia, and nerve pain (neuropathic pain).
It can work by restoring the balance of certain natural substances like dopamine, norepinephrine in the brain.
Mechanism of action of bupropione
Bupropione is an antidepressant medication that affects chemicals within the brain that nerves use to send messages to each other. These chemical messengers are called neurotransmitters .
Many experts believe that depression is caused by an imbalance between the amounts of neurotransmitters that are released.
Nerves, in a process called reuptake, can recycle released neurotransmitters.
Bupropione works by inhibiting the reuptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, an action that produces more dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine to transmit messages to other nerves.
Dose
Dosage is based on your medical condition, liver function, and response to treatment.
It is started with low doses to minimize the risk of side effects and then gradually increased, it is also likely that it may need to be decreased gradually.
The full benefit of this drug can occur within four weeks. To minimize the risk of seizures, the dose should be increased gradually.
Dose increases should not exceed 100 mg per day in a 3-day period. The recommended starting dose is 200 mg per day, given as 100 mg twice a day.
After 3 days of dosing, the dose can be increased to 300 mg per day, administered as 100 mg 3 times a day, with at least 6 hours between successive doses.
A dose greater than 300 mg per day can be administered using 75 or 100 mg tablets.
A maximum of 450 mg per day, given in divided doses of no more than 150 mg each dose, can be considered for patients who show no clinical improvement after several weeks of treatment with 300 mg per day.
Administer the 100 mg tablet 4 times a day so as not to exceed the 150 mg limit in a single dose.
Side effects of bupropione
May cause dry mouth, sore throat, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, ringing in the ears, headache, decreased appetite, weight loss, constipation , trouble sleeping, increased sweating, or tremors.
An empty tablet can appear in your stool. This effect is harmless because your body has already absorbed the medicine.
An increase in blood pressure can also be observed, so the pressure should be monitored regularly.
Tell your doctor immediately if you notice any serious side effects, including fast, pounding and irregular heartbeats, mental or mood changes such as anxiety, agitation, confusion, unusual thoughts and behavior, memory loss, weight loss or gain. unusual.
Use of bupropione should be discontinued and immediate medical attention should be sought if very serious side effects occur, including:
- Seizures
- Pain.
- Swelling or redness of the eyes
- Dilated pupils.
- Vision changes such as seeing rainbows around lights at night.
- Blurry vision.
Allergic reactions are rare but you should see a doctor if symptoms such as:
- Swelling of the face, throat, and tongue.
- Trouble breathing.
- Eruptions
- Itches.
- Strong dizziness
- Sores in the mouth or around the eyes.
Warnings and Contraindications
Before using this medicine, the doctor or pharmacist should be informed of the medical history of the patient, especially of:
Allergies, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney problems, liver disease, drug and alcohol use or abuse, seizures, or conditions that increase your risk of seizures including brain or head injury.
Also brain tumor, eating disorders such as bulimia or anorexia nervosa, personal or family history of glaucoma (angle closure type).
You should not use this medicine if you regularly stop using sedatives, including benzodiazepines such as lorazepam, medicines used to treat seizures, or alcohol. This can increase the risk of seizures.
Dizziness and memory loss are symptoms that older adults may present as they are more sensitive to the effects of the drug and the risks of falls increase when dizziness occurs in these types of patients.
As this medication can cause dizziness, the use of alcohol or marijuana is not recommended. You should not drive vehicles, or operate machinery or any activity that requires alert states.
This medicine should not be administered during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Because untreated mental and mood problems such as depression, seasonal affective disorder, bipolar disorder, can be a serious condition, treatment should not be abandoned unless directed by the doctor.
Bupropione interactions
Interactions with other medications can change how your medications work or increase the risk of serious side effects.
Some medications can interact with bupropione such as:
- Codeine.
- Pimozide.
- Tamoxifen.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid, linezolid, methylene blue, moclobemide, phenelzine, procarbazine, rasagiline, safinamide, selegiline, tranylcypromine used with bupropione can cause a potentially fatal interaction.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not be taken for two weeks before and after treatment with bupropione.
This drug may interfere with certain medical and laboratory tests, including examining the brain for Parkinson’s disease and detecting amphetamines in urine, possibly giving false results.
