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They are pelvic tumors of benign cancer, which often affect 40% of women aged between 30 and 40 years.
This presence of tumors in the musculature of the uterus is called myoma if there is only one, but if there are more fibroids present, they are called myxomatosis.
The musculature of the uterus is known as myometrium in medical terms, and the name of the cancerous disease that affects this layer is derived.
Myxomatosis may not cause problems in some women, and surgery is unnecessary.
It is a tumor influenced by natural female hormones present during the fertile age. In menopause, when menstrual bleeding stops due to a decrease in the production of female hormones, it tends to disappear on its own.
Its exact causes are not yet understood. However, genetic influences play an important role.
Symptoms of uterine myxomatosis
Myxomatosis becomes dangerous when it reaches large dimensions. The most common symptoms are interruptions of the menstrual cycle, uterine bleeding not associated with menstruation, pain in the lower abdomen, and discomfort in the lower back.
If the enlarged uterus pushes into the urinary tract, it can present other inconveniences such as painful sexual intercourse and frequent urination.
Myxomatosis can also cause infertility, and if it is present during pregnancy, the growth of myomas is accelerated due to the increased amount of hormones. It can complicate the course of pregnancy or cause complications during childbirth.
Diagnosis
A standard gynecological examination is performed in the vagina, uterus, and abdomen to diagnose uterine myxomatosis.
As a general rule, a gynecological examination, ultrasound diagnosis of the organs, a hysteroscopy, or computed tomography are sufficient to diagnose the pathology.
This last method of diagnosis is very informative, but it is only used in exceptional cases because of its high cost.
Causes
Some of the main factors that can be said to be the natural causes of uterine fibroids are listed below:
- Genetic predisposition
Genetics in certain women predisposes them to abnormal metabolic cell activity.
Therefore, women who suffer from dysfunctional metabolisms are more susceptible to developing uterine fibroids than others.
- Poor dietary practices
The low intake of fruits and vegetables and the excessive intake of refined carbohydrates and toxic foods create hormonal imbalances.
Under such conditions, uterine fibroids can develop more efficiently.
- Weakened immune system
Poor diet, lack of rest, stress, the accumulation of toxins, and the excessive use of medications, mean that the body can not work to balance hormones or eliminate toxic waste and is highly vulnerable to the condition.
- Insulin resistance
When the cells in the body respond less to the hormone insulin, insulin resistance occurs.
This hurts the insulin-dependent mechanisms in the body.
To counteract this, the pancreas begins to produce more and more insulin.
Chronically high insulin levels in the body cause the production of male hormones such as testosterone, stimulating the development of uterine fibroids.
- Hormones
It is known that uterine fibroids thrive on hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
During pregnancy and menstruation, estrogen levels are at their highest point.
This is usually the moment when the condition of fibroids is more favorable for their growth.
Many women have discovered that when they reach menopause, fibroids contract or sometimes even disappear.
Treatment of uterine myxomatosis
To treat uterine myxomatosis, conservative therapy is applied if it does not cause problems, and you should only undergo regular gynecological exams.
To choose the direction of treatment, the doctor must take into account, in addition to the results of the diagnoses, the following: the age of the woman, the presence of other diseases, the state of the endocrine system, the rate of growth and the location.
Surgical intervention is usually recommended in the following cases:
• Myoma is diagnosed at 12 weeks of pregnancy
• The tumor is growing rapidly
• In case of miscarriage of the fetus
• When there are problems with infertility
• Uterine bleeding between periods and heavy menstruation.
Moreover, this can be carried out by these methods:
1.- Myomectomy: This operation is carried out if the patient still wishes to have a baby. The method aims to eliminate only the fibroids, and the uterus will be saved.
2. Hysterectomy: When it comes to women on the verge of menopause and who do not plan any pregnancy, the entire uterus can be removed. This surgery is performed with general anesthesia and requires hospitalization.
The uterus can be removed through the abdomen with an open incision, laparoscopically, or through the vagina. Laparoscopy is a method where several small incisions are made in the abdomen. With the help of an optical device and other tools, the uterus is removed through these holes, observing the entire procedure using a monitor.
The ovaries and fallopian tubes are usually left behind since their function is linked to the production of hormones. If the woman is already in menopause, these organs are also eliminated.
3.- Embolization: of the uterine arteries. This method also allows the uterus to be saved and consists in blocking the arteries to produce the death of the myomatous nodules.
