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An elevated level of this type of white blood cell (above 0.30 x 10 9 / L) is called basophilia.
It may be easier for the body to provide improved protection against parasites or foreign substances with basophilia. But it is usually associated with developing undesirable conditions, such as inflammation or allergy.
Basophilia is the situation in which we find many basophils in the blood of our bodies. The increase in basophils causes a variety of problems.
Basophils are a type of white blood cell. The basophil count is abnormal when it crosses the count of 10 ^ 10 basophils in a liter of blood.
Possible causes of tall basophils
Basophilia never appears independently; cases of independent occurrence are sporadic, which means myelogenous leukemia. Increased basophil count is related to numerous medical circumstances.
The presence of an abnormally large number of basophils in the bloodstream is known as basophilia. Basophils are also called basophilic granulocytes.
Basophils are nothing more than granule-like substances consisting of white blood cells that form in the body’s bone marrow. The bone marrow is the source of platelets, red blood cells, and all types of white blood cells.
Basophilic or basophilic granulocytes are the least common type of leukocytes, as they are less numerous. Out of the total white blood cell count, only 0.01% – 0.3% are basophils.
Although they are the least counted, they play a vital role in protecting the body against parasites and bacteria. The excess presence of basophils is also not healthy, which cannot be neglected.
The presence of heparin and anticoagulant in basophils shows that blood clotting does not occur rapidly.
Basophils always come with the following:
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN): We find an extra amount of basophil production in basophilia.
We know that basophils originate in the bone marrow, generally related to common medical conditions with myeloproliferative neoplasms. The group of disorders in which the bone marrow develops large numbers of blood cells, such as white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
People with bone marrow-related problems often report basophilia, which interferes with the formation of blood cells. In various bone marrow diseases, the one mainly discovered in chronic myelogenous leukemia is basophilia.
Cancer in the bone marrow that leads to the massive production of a particular type of WBC is called granulocytes.
There are three types of granulocytes, namely basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils. The basophil count in the blood rises considerably and leads to a whopping 20% of all the WBC present in the blood. Irregular basophil count is associated with polycythemia vera, basophilic leukemia, and a type of MPN.
Carcinoma: Cancer of the epithelial tissue is carcinoma. This tissue lining forms internal organs, blood vessels, and external surfaces. This disease attacks the epithelial cells and also causes basophilia.
Lymphoma: Hodgkin’s lymphoma is related to too many basophils in the blood. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a type of cancer that dramatically increases lymphocytes.
Lymphocytes are a kind of WBC. Hodgkin’s lymphoma affects the lymphatic tissues and enlarges the lymphoid tissue. Lymph nodes are made up of lymphocytes that reside in the lymph node.
The increase in lymphocyte production shows the increase in WBC, including basophils.
Allergy: An allergic reaction caused by some medications, environmental factors, and food can also cause high basophil counts.
Every time the body comes into contact with allergens, the activation of basophils occurs, which in turn produces histamines which are causative agents of many symptoms such as watery eyes, and a runny nose.
For the duration of the allergic reaction, the basophil count generally remains high.
Inflammatory circumstances: One of the causes of elevated basophils is chronic inflammation. Basophils play a vital role in causing inflammation by producing chemicals such as serotonin, and histamine, which cause dilation of blood vessels, asthma, and respiratory problems.
Usually, the amount of basophils is elevated in conditions like asthma, inflammatory disease like Crohn’s disorder, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic eczema.
Infections: Bacterial infections and viral infections cause the body to raise the white blood cell count to fight infection.
White blood cells fight pathogens and restrict the spread of infections. It is the way our body defends itself against disease.
The usual infections in which we can find high granulocytes, especially basophils, are influenza, smallpox, chickenpox, and tuberculosis.
Iron shortage: Iron deficiency causes a disease called anemia, which can also raise your basophil count. In anemia, we find an acute reduction in healthy RBC.
Our body relies on dietary iron to release the iron-rich protein hemoglobin present in RBC. Hemoglobin provides oxygen to all parts of the body—poor dietary iron results in less hemoglobin, reducing healthy red blood cell counts.
Patients with iron deficiency anemia always show excessive basophil count in the bloodstream; premature destruction of red blood cells in hemolytic anemia also increases the basophil count in the body.
Symptoms
The symptom varies depending on the cause of the basophilia. Myeloproliferative neoplasms enlarge the spleen by causing a feeling of fullness and discomfort in the abdominal region.
Anemia causes persistent fatigue, weakness, and headache. Hyperthyroidism causes muscle pain, constipation, stiff joints, and sudden weight gain.
Basophilia in allergies or thyroid problems need not worry too much; the tissue can be resolved through proper medication. But the bone marrow cancer condition is a dangerous cause that needs appropriate treatment.
Treatment and management of high basophils
Treatment for basophilia involves treating the underlying condition that has caused the excess production of basophils in the bone marrow.
Basophilia related to infections, allergies, or thyroid condition is generally not a cause for concern, as basophilia resolves with treatment/medication. However, if basophilia occurs due to bone marrow cancer, then it is a serious problem and requires immediate treatment.
Marrow transplantation can be in grave cases, such as leukemia. Anti-allergy drugs are prescribed for the foundation that develops from allergic conditions that lead to respiratory diseases.
In the case of basophilia related to hypothyroidism, taking the proper medication brings the basophil level back to normal.
In case of basophilia related to hypothyroidism, taking the appropriate action brings the level of steps back to normal.
Antibiotics are prescribed to treat an illness that occurs due to bacterial infections.
