Index
It is a dangerous male urological disease of infectious etiology in which the inflammatory process affects the testicle and its appendix.
In most cases, the disease develops in adult men from 16 to 40 years (during an active sex life). However, also orchiepididymitis often develops in elderly patients.
The causes of the disease are pretty varied, but most cases of orchiepididymitis develop due to:
- Physical lesions on testicles or scrotum;
- Decreased immunity;
- Hypothermia;
- Infectious and non-infectious diseases postponed (trichomoniasis, mumps, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, Chlamydia, etc.). This is the most common cause of orchidectomy;
- Circulatory disorders in the groin;
- Chronic diseases of the genitourinary system in history – balanoposthitis, cystitis, urethritis;
- Orchiepididymitis may develop as a complication of tonsillitis, pneumonia, syphilis, tuberculosis, cryptococcosis;
- Bladder catheterization in urological diseases.
All these reasons and unfavorable factors represent a severe threat to men’s health. Therefore, it is essential to treat diseases and prevention quickly.
Classification
In medicine the, orquiepididimitis classified according to its current:
- Acute course;
- Chronic course;
- Forma abstsessivnaya.
There is also another rating of the disease, depending on the kind of agent that causes inflammation:
The disease develops based on tuberculosis, brucellosis, syphilis, and others.
Unspecified In most clinical cases, it causes the development of STIs (sexually transmitted infections). Pathogens can become non-specific infections and viruses.
Acute form
The symptoms of this form are pretty specific. Acute orchiepididymitis begins with the appearance of severe pain in the groin, forcing men to seek a qualified doctor for help immediately.
symptom
There is severe pain in the affected testicle and the epididymis, which tends to intensify. It can radiate to the groin or crotch. Even in the presence of this symptom, the man goes to the doctor to diagnose himself;
The scrotum becomes painful on palpation, swells, and wrinkles smooth. The skin becomes red and bright;
The body temperature can rise to 38-39 degrees.
If these symptoms appear, most men will go to the doctor since the pain and swelling in the scrotum prevent them from leading an everyday life and gives an extreme discomfort.
If it were quickly assigned to the correct treatment of acute orchiepididymitis, then a week later, the disease would be eliminated.
However, there are men who, for various reasons, postpone a trip to the urologist. Delaying the visit even several days can lead to the acute phase going into the chronic phase.
Chronicle
The symptoms of this form appear periodically. In its chronic form, it is a common cause of male infertility or testicular cancer, so the presence of the first signs is an urgent need to begin treatment.
symptom
Pain in the testicle is inflamed, constant, or periodic. As a rule, it is amplified during physical activity;
Body temperature can rise to 40 degrees;
If the cause of the disease was the TB bacillus, the scrotal skin could form fistulas.
If you do not see a doctor and you do not carry out the treatment, the chronic form, after some time, will pass to the obsessive form with suppuration.
This is more dangerous to health since it leads to an alteration of the testicular functions, male infertility, the formation of tumors, and the peak of the disease falls on the second day after detecting the first of its symptoms.
Diagnosis
To detect the presence of certain diseases, it is necessary to find their stage and assign the proper treatment plan; it is necessary to make a diagnosis in a hospital.
Some basic techniques that allow for determining the presence of orquiepididimitis are described below:
- Urethral swab to detect the presence of urogenital infections;
- Cultivo de orina a Mycobacterium tuberculosis;
- Culture of the urethra;
- Ultrasound of the scrotum;
- Determine the presence of sexually transmitted diseases;
- Wasserman;
A testicular biopsy is performed if the doctor suspects the presence of tumors.
Treatment
The treatment of this disease should begin to be carried out when the first of its symptoms are demonstrated. The sooner you start, the more favorable the forecast.
The patient needs to be in the hospital; the doctors could monitor the general condition daily.
Conservative treatment method
After identifying the causative agent of the disease, the patient is assigned an antibiotic treatment, whose effect will be directed to eliminate the body’s infection. For the treatment, drugs from the following groups were prescribed:
- Sulfonamides;
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Aminoglucósidos;
- Penicillin;
- Cephalosporins.
In the painful testicle, cold compresses are applied. This will help reduce discomfort and reduce inflammation.
Once the acute process subsides, patients should go to physical therapy (magnetic therapy, electrotherapy, ultrasound therapy, laser therapy) to restore the normal functioning of the testicles.
Surgical treatment in the most complex cases.
Complications
- Complete coverage of the vas deferens;
- Scrotal abscess;
- Scrotal fistula;
- Cancers;
- Sterility;
- Testicular infarction.
Precautionary measures.
You should follow a few simple guidelines to eliminate the risk of developing this disease. Because sexually transmitted infections are a common cause, it is always recommended to use condoms.
Once you have a groin injury, then you should not hesitate and visit a doctor for a diagnosis.
The scrotum must be protected not only from injury but from hypothermia. Men are advised to wear clothes made of natural fabrics.
It is also essential to treat the existing diseases of the genitourinary system quickly to prevent complications.
If you think you have orchiepididymitis and have the characteristic symptoms of the disease, you can consult the urologist.
Epididymitis (accompanying symptoms: 7 of 10).
The inflammation of the epididymis has its infectious or non-infectious etiology. This resembles an appendage of the spiral tube and is located on the posterior surface, holding it with the vas deferens.
Orchitis (coinciding symptoms: 3 of 10).
Orchitis – is a disease that causes inflammation of the testicles, which is usually a complication that arises as a result of infectious diseases.
With orchitis, symptoms can occur in the acute or chronic form, as a separate disease rarely occurs.
Mycoplasmosis (coincident symptoms: 3 of 10).
Mycoplasmosis – a pathological process whose formation is influenced by the bacterium Mycoplasma hominis and genitalium. These microorganisms hurt the functioning of the urogenital system and cause several diseases.
Limfostaz (lymphoedema) (coincidental symptoms: 3 of 10)
Limfostazom or lymphedema – is a disease resulting from which the process alters the lymphatic circulation in the human body. As a result, it accumulates in the lymphatic fluid of the tissues. Gradually the legs lose their natural appearance.
Without proper and timely treatment, a person can become disabled. This pathological disorder is diagnosed in 10% of the total population.
Pelvic peritonitis (coinciding symptoms: 2 of 10).
