Index
These are those that are transmitted from one person to another through a variety of ways that include contact with blood and body fluids, breathing a virus in the air, etc.
The notification of cases of infectious diseases is essential in the planning and evaluation of programs for the prevention and control of diseases, in the guarantee of adequate medical treatment, and the detection of outbreaks of common origin.
California law mandates that health care providers and laboratories report more than 80 diseases or conditions to your local health department.
Some reportable communicable diseases include hepatitis A, B, and C, influenza, measles, salmonella, and other foodborne illnesses.
How are infectious diseases spread?
How these infectious diseases are spread depends on the specific condition or the infectious agent. Some ways in which infectious diseases spread are:
- Physical contact with an infected person, such as through touch (staphylococcus), sexual intercourse (gonorrhea, HIV), fecal/oral transmission (hepatitis A), or droplets (influenza, TB).
- Contact with a contaminated surface or object (Norwalk virus), food (salmonella, E. coli), blood (HIV, hepatitis B), or water (cholera).
- Bites of insects or animals capable of transmitting the disease (mosquitoes: malaria and yellow fever. fold: plague).
- They travel through the air, like tuberculosis or measles.
Differences between ‘Contagious’, ‘Infectious’ and ‘infectious-contagious’ diseases
Contagious diseases are transmitted by unique means such as the environment, for example, a cold caused by being in cold weather or the rain for a long time. In contrast, contagious agents transmit infectious diseases from person to person.
Infectious diseases are caused by microscopic germs such as bacteria or viruses in a person who then infects others with whom they have contact. Most, but not all, infectious diseases are transmitted directly from one person to another.
It is said that some infectious diseases that spread from person to person are contagious. Some infections are transmitted to people from animals or insects, but they are not contagious to another human being.
Lyme disease is an example; you can not be infected by someone you leave or pass on the street. It comes from the bite of an infected tick. Contagious diseases (such as flu, colds, or strep throat) spread from person to person in several ways.
One way is through direct physical contact, such as touching or kissing a person who has the infection. Another way is when an infectious microbe travels through the air after someone nearby sneezes or coughs.
Sometimes people get contagious diseases by touching or using something that an infected person has touched or used, such as sharing a straw with someone who has or going into the shower after someone who has an athlete’s foot.
And sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted through all types of sex.
It can help protect against contagious diseases by washing hands well and, often, moving away from sick people, making sure to be up to date with all vaccines, and always using condoms during any sexual relationship.
Types
Common cold
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases states that as of 2007, Americans have an estimated 1 trillion colds each year. Children are the most susceptible to repeated colds.
People over 60 have an average of less than one cold per year. The common cold is a viral infection.
Gastroenteritis
Viral gastroenteritis is a highly contagious disease spread by contact, such as sharing food or eating and drinking contaminated utensils. Gastroenteritis lasts from one to two days or ten days, depending on the virus.
Two known causes of viral gastroenteritis are rotavirus and norovirus.
Strep throat
Streptococcal pharyngitis is a transmissible disease caused by group A streptococcus bacteria. Strep bacteria are easily spread by sneezing, coughing, or shaking hands.
A rapid streptococcal test in the doctor’s office will confirm whether the symptoms are due to strep throat or a viral sore throat.
Pink Eye
Pink eye is a common name for highly contagious bacterial or viral conjunctivitis. The virus that causes the common cold causes a viral pink eye. Staphylococcus or streptococcus causes a bacterial pink eye.
To reduce the chances of spreading a pink eye, avoid touching the infected eye, wash your hands often and avoid using towels or cloths in contact with the look.
Fifth illness
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia states that the fifth disease, a human parvovirus, is more common among children and spreads through direct contact with nasal and throat secretions.
Exanthem, a rash or rash, appears at the onset of the disease. The fifth disease spreads quickly because it is contagious before the symptoms of the inflammation appear.
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is a common infectious disease. Sexual activity is the primary method of spreading the disease.
Hepatitis
Hepatitis is a viral infection of the liver. The three types of hepatitis are hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. The most prevalent of the three types worldwide is the hepatitis B virus, with approximately 350 million people infected in 2005.
Hepatitis causes liver inflammation that can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as cirrhosis and liver failure.
Whooping cough
Whooping cough or whooping cough is a highly transmissible disease that affects all ages. The symptoms of whooping cough include respiratory infection, runny nose, mild fever, and a mild cough that progresses to an uncontrollable cough with a high-pitched whistle.
Rotavirus
Rotavirus is a highly contagious infection that affects the gastrointestinal system of children. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, fever, and watery diarrhea. Rotavirus is a known problem in daycare centers.
The virus spreads from the feces of infected individuals. The poor handwashing technique after using the bathroom easily applies the rotavirus.
VIH / PAGE
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) in the later stages of infection.
